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A memorial service (Greek: μνημόσυνον, mnemósynon, "memorial"; Slavonic: панvхида, panikhída, from Greek παννυχίς, ''pannychis'', "vigil";〔 Available (limitedly) online at the Oxford Reference.〕 Romanian: parastas, from Greek παραστάς, ''parastas''〔() "Parastas — Orthodox Terminology — Church of the Mother of God Joy of all the Sorrowful - Mays Landing, NJ", Retrieved 2013-06-29〕) is a liturgical solemn service for the repose of the departed in the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic churches which follow the Byzantine Rite. ==Service== In the Eastern Church, the various prayers for the departed have as their purpose praying for the repose of the departed, comforting the living, and reminding the living of their own mortality and the brevity of this earthly life. For this reason, memorial services have an air of penitence about them,〔For instance, the Panikhida does not have the chanting of "God is the Lord..." as the Moleben does; but instead uses, as at matins on Saturdays when the dead are remembered, the "Alleluia" of the Dead in place of "God is the Lord".〕 and tend to be served more frequently during the four fasting seasons.〔Great Lent, Nativity Fast, Apostles' Fast and Dormition Fast〕 If the service is for an individual, it is often held at the deceased's graveside. If it is a general commemoration of all the departed, or if the individual's grave is not close by, the service is held in a church, in front of a special small, free-standing "memorial table", to which is attached an upright crucifix and with a candelabra for the faithful to put lighted candles. The deacon (or, if there is no deacon, the priest) swings the censer throughout almost the entire service, while all stand holding lighted candles. Near the end of the service, during the final troparia, all, either extinguish their candles, or place them in a candle holder by the memorial table. Each candle symbolizes the individual soul, which, as it were, each person holds in his own hand. The extinguishing (or giving up) of the candle, at the end of the service, symbolizes the fact that each person will have to surrender his soul, at the end of his life. The service is composed of Psalms, ektenias (litanies), hymns and prayers. In its outline it follows the general order of Matins〔From this comes the Greek name ''parastas'' which refers to standing all night in vigil, which in the early days was what literally took place.〕 and is, in effect, a truncated funeral service. Some of the most notable portions of the service are the Kontakion of the Departed〔Kontakion of the Departed: "With the saints give rest, O Christ, to the soul(s) of Thy servant(s), where there is neither sickness, nor sorrow, nor sighing, but life everlasting.〕 and the final singing of "Memory Eternal" (Slavonic: ''Vyechnaya Pamyat''). The memorial service is most frequently served at the end of the Divine Liturgy; however, it may also be served after Vespers, Matins, or as a separate service by itself. If the service is held separately, there are readings from the Pauline epistles and the Gospels, which are assigned by the day of the week; no readings, however, are assigned to Sunday because Sunday should emphasize the resurrection of Christ rather than the departed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Memorial service (Orthodox)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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